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Although Iran is a center around which Shi’i resentment could coalesce, two factors reduce the likelihood that the Tehran regime will encourage such a development. One is that Iran aspires to be the c

The complexities of Iran's relationship with Sunni states underscore the ongoing challenges in Middle Eastern diplomacy. Iran seeks to be a leader in the region, supporting not only Shiite factions bu

36 THE NEW MIDDLE EAST restoring a balance of power that is not entirely dependent on a long-term, large U.S. military presence with its financial costs and negative political perceptions in the regi

This text discusses the changing power dynamics in the Middle East, particularly the region's responses to Iranian influence and the evolving role of the U.S. Historically reliant on American support,

Notes 1. See International Crisis Group report, Dealing With Iran’s Nuclear Program, November 2004. 2. See http://usinfo.state.gov/xarchives/display.html?p=texttrans-english&y=2007&m=April&x=200704181

This text discusses various reports and publications relevant to the geopolitical issues in the Middle East, with a specific focus on Iran's nuclear program, negotiations involving al-Qaddafi, and the

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace is a private, nonprofit organization dedicated to advancing cooperation between nations and promoting active

The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace is a nonprofit organization focused on fostering cooperation between nations and enhancing U.S. involvement globally. Established in 1910, this nonpartis

Here is the extracted text from the image: --- V-POP พื้นหลัง: V-POP พื้นหลังเป็นรูปกลุ่มเด็กหญิงและเด็กสาว ใส่เครื่องแบบนักเรียนสีขาวและเข็มกลัดในชุดนักเรียน ทำให้ดูเป็นภาพที่ด

V-POP เป็นแนวคิดที่เน้นการสร้างความสุขและแรงบันดาลใจให้กับเด็กๆ ผ่านกิจกรรมและการเรียนรู้ในรูปแบบที่น่ารื่นรมย์ โดยส่งเสริมให้เด็กๆ มีส่วนร่วมในการแสดงออกและแบ่งปันประสบการณ์ นอกจากนี้ยังเน้นการสนับสน

**Congratulatory letter** The 60th Dhammachai Education Foundation of Australia and New Zealand has developed an increasing commitment in recent years to the academic study of the Buddhist tradition,

The 60th Dhammachai Education Foundation of Australia and New Zealand has strengthened its commitment to studying the Buddhist tradition. The foundation established the Dhammachai International Resear

I am pleased to congratulate the Dhammachai International Research Institute on this new initiative and look forward to its growing success. Professor Murray Rae Head of the Department of Theology

Introduction This collection of articles marks the launch of the Journal of the Dhammachai International Research Institute (JDIRI). The articles presented here indicate some of the perspectives on B

This collection of articles marks the launch of the JDIRI, showcasing perspectives on Early Buddhism and meditation studies. The journal aims to publish research on ancient manuscripts and esoteric pr

The manuscripts of the Nong Pa Fa Cave have two forms of writing: Dham Lao from Laos, and Dham Lanna from northern Thailand. These two scripts are very similar, especially on manuscripts dating back s

The manuscripts of the Nong Pa Fa Cave showcase two primary forms of writing: Dham Lao from Laos and Dham Lanna from northern Thailand. While these scripts exhibit notable similarities, especially in

Dhamma-kāya in the Pali Canon¹ Chanida Jantrasrisalai I. Why ‘Dhamma-kāya’ in the ‘Pali Canon’? The term dhamma-kāya/dharmakāya appears in Buddhist literature of different schools. Previous scholars

The study investigates the term dhamma-kāya as presented in the Pali Canon, aiming to provide a comprehensive analysis that has been overlooked in previous studies. While many references have been mad

Most of them refer only to the Aggañña-sutta passage, 4 missing out the three Apadāna references. 5 The reason could be either that the scholars concerned have taken the aforementioned text as represe

This paper examines the overlooked references to dhammarāya in the Pali canon, emphasizing a context not previously presented. It critiques the tendency to categorize texts strictly as ‘early Buddhism

IV. Reference 1: Dhammakāya as the Tathāgata’s Designation The first Pali reference to the term dhammakāya that is well known to all previous works is a passage in the Aggañña-sutta, wherein the term

This text discusses the term 'dhammakāya' as referenced in the Aggañña-sutta, emphasizing its importance in defining an heir of dhamma and the Tathāgata’s true son. The conversation between the Buddha

This corresponds to the set of four activities41 belonging to a Stream-attainer (sotāpattiyānga) which brings about other sets of qualities. The titles ‘born of dhamma’ (dhammaja) and ‘created by dham

This content discusses the process of spiritual attainment through dhamma, emphasizing four key activities that lead to the emergence of noble qualities. It highlights how listening to the Buddha's te

[Right concentration, again, becomes the basis of right views, right aspirations, and other steps of the noble eightfold path, which is now experienced on a higher level, and this spiral-like progress

This text elaborates on the interrelationship between Right Concentration, Right Views, and Right Aspirations as pivotal elements of the Noble Eightfold Path leading to liberation. It discusses the sp

While a conclusion is proposed here to some extent, it may be useful to examine further implications from the parallel usage of the term 'dhamma' and 'brahma' elsewhere, for it may add further underst

เนื้อหานี้สำรวจการใช้คำว่า 'ดัมมะ' และ 'บราเหมะ' ในวรรณกรรมพุทธศาสนา และการตีความความหมายที่เชื่อมโยงกันของทั้งสองคำ เป็นการศึกษาความสำคัญของการใช้คำที่ขนานกัน ซึ่งสะท้อนถึงสถานะความบริสุทธิ์สูงสุดที่

On the whole, it appears that the terms dhamma and brahma constituting four designations of the Tathāgāta are used in the sense of the ‘highest.’ It is most likely that they refer to Nibbāna. This i

This study examines the terms dhamma and brahma, suggesting that they refer to the highest aspect of Tathāgāta, likely Nibbāna. The term dhamma denotes transcendental realities, transcending the realm

The parallel usage of dhammakāya and dhammabhūta with brahmakāya and brahmmabhūta suggests further that the term dhamma in the passage should refer to Nibbāna. Indeed, it is possible also to say that

This study delves into the concepts of dhamma and Nibbāna, positing that dhamma refers to transcendental dhamma, which serves as a transformer and defilement eradicator. It explores how the realizatio

Arhatship (arahattamagga).86 Therefore, the particular path is not a mere ‘collective title’ of the path-constituents but the ‘essential totality’ by which a ‘body’ is defined. The dependence of funct

This text discusses the concept of Arhatship and the definition of Dhammakāya in the context of Buddhist philosophy. It argues that the path should be seen as an essential totality, forming a 'body,'

V. Reference 2: Dhammakāya and Paccekabuddhas A Paccekabuddha is counted as one of the two types of Buddhas. According to Buddhist philosophy, a Paccekabuddha is a person who is of the highest wisdom

This text discusses the concept of Paccekabuddhas, individuals of high wisdom who achieve self-enlightenment but lack the ability to teach. It explores scholarly arguments about the pre-Buddhist origi

No-one can upset the (Padumuttara Buddhu) entire mine of jewels, who is demonstrating the dhammakāya; having seen him, who is not pleased? In order to clarify further regarding the precise connotation

This study revisits the term dhammakāya in the Pali canon, highlighting its significance in Buddhist teachings. By examining the Sambuddha-sutta, the relationship between 'the path' and dhammakāya is